Effects of heat treatment on the microstructural stability, mechanical properties and degradability of as-cast Mg–1Y and Mg–1Ca alloys: A comparative study

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology Tehran, Iran

2 Sharif University of Technology

Abstract

Y and Ca are two alloying elements which are being extensively used to enhance different properties and address the challenges of biodegradable Mg alloys. In this study, the efficiency of Y and Ca for improving microstructure stability during high-temperature solution treatment was assessed and compared by studying the microstructure as well as the mechanical and degradation properties of Mg–1wt%Y and Mg–1wt%Ca alloys. X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy studies demonstrated presence of Mg24Y5 and Mg2Ca particles in Mg–1Y and Mg–1Ca alloys, respectively. In addition, the Mg–1Y alloy witnessed a significantly higher level of grain growth in comparison with Mg–1Ca alloy. The results of shear punch test and hardness experiments demonstrated greater mechanical strength perseverance of Ca-incorporated alloy as the result of the presence of Mg2Ca phase as well as the finer microstructure. Accordingly, it can be pointed out that Ca is a more suitable element for stabilizing the microstructure of Mg-based alloys at high temperatures in comparison with Y. On the other hand, the hydrogen evolution test in phosphate-buffer saline (PBS) solution showed that Y-incorporated alloy possessed higher corrosion resistance. Also, reducing the micro-galvanic corrosion effects by long-term annealing in high temperatures can be an effective approach to enhance the degradability of both alloys, where the best corrosion resistance was observed in annealed Mg–1Y alloy.

Keywords

References

  1. Mohammadi Zerankeshi M, Alizadeh R, Gerashi E, Asadollahi M, Langdon TG. Effects of heat treatment on the corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of biodegradable Mg alloys. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys. 2022;10(7):1737-85.
  2. Alizadeh R, Mahmudi R. Effect of Sb additions on the microstructural stability and mechanical properties of cast Mg–4Zn alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2010;527(20):5312-7.
  3. Mohammadi Zerankeshi M, Alizadeh R. Ag-incorporated biodegradable Mg alloys. Materialia. 2022;23:101445.
  4. O. Haghighi, Effect of steel ball diameter in the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) on microstructure, roughness, hardness and wear behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy, J. Ultrafine Grained Nanostructured Mater. 56 (2023) 68–74.
  5. Alizadeh R, Mahmudi R. Evaluating high-temperature mechanical behavior of cast Mg–4Zn–xSb magnesium alloys by shear punch testing. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2010;527(16-17):3975-83.
  6. Gerashi E, Asadollahi M, Alizadeh R, Mahmudi R. Effects of Sr additions on the microstructural stability and mechanical properties of a cast Mg–4Zn alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2022;843:143127.
  7. A. Afsharnaderi, M. Lotfpour, M. Malekan, M. Emamy, Microstructural refinement and tensile properties enhancement of the Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy after hot extrusion, J. Ultrafine Grained Nanostructured Mater. 53 (2020).
  8. Savaedi Z, Mirzadeh H, Aghdam RM, Mahmudi R. Effect of grain size on the mechanical properties and bio-corrosion resistance of pure magnesium. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2022;19:3100-9.
  9. Mehrabi-Mehdiabadi M, Mahmudi R. Effects of yttrium addition on microstructural stability and elevated-temperature mechanical properties of a cast Mg–Zn alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2020;820:153083.
  10. Kondori B, Mahmudi R. Effect of Ca additions on the microstructure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of a cast AM60 magnesium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2010;527(7-8):2014-21.
  11. Ji J-H, Park I-S, Kim Y-K, Lee S-J, Bae T-S, Lee M-H. Influence of Heat Treatment on Biocorrosion and Hemocompatibility of Biodegradable Mg-35Zn-3Ca Alloy. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 2015;2015:1-10.
  12. Ilich JZ, Kerstetter JE. Nutrition in Bone Health Revisited: A Story Beyond Calcium. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2000;19(6):715-37.
  13. Xie Q, Ma A, Jiang J, Liu H, Saleh B. Discharge properties of ECAP processed AZ31－Ca alloys as anodes for seawater-activated battery. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2021;11:1031-44.
  14. Mohammadi-Zerankeshi M, Alizadeh R, Labbaf S. Improving mechanical, degradation and biological behavior of biodegradable Mg–2Ag alloy: effects of Y addition and heat treatment. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2023;22:1677-94.
  15. Zohrevand M, Mohammadi-Zerankeshi M, Nobakht-Farin F, Alizadeh R, Mahmudi R. Degradation behavior of the as-extruded and ECAP-processed Mg–4Zn alloy by Ca addition and hydrothermal coating. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2022;20:1204-15.
  16. Alizadeh R, Mahmudi R. Evaluating high-temperature mechanical behavior of cast Mg–4Zn–xSb magnesium alloys by shear punch testing. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2010;527(16-17):3975-83.
  17. Abdiyan F, Mahmudi R, Ghasemi HM. Effect of Mn addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of a biodegradable Mg–Gd–Zn alloy. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2021;271:124878.
  18. Alizadeh R, Mahmudi R, Ngan AHW, Pereira PHR, Huang Y, Langdon TG. Microstructure, Texture, and Superplasticity of a Fine-Grained Mg-Gd-Zr Alloy Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 2016;47(12):6056-69.
  19. Mohammadi-Zerankeshi M, Zohrevand M, Alizadeh R. Hydrothermal Coating of the Biodegradable Mg-2Ag Alloy. Metals. 2023;13(7):1260. 20. Aljarrah M, Medraj M. Thermodynamic modelling of the Mg–Ca, Mg–Sr, Ca–Sr and Mg–Ca–Sr systems using the modified quasichemical model. Calphad. 2008;32(2):240-51.
  20. Kim DH, Lee JY, Lim HK, Kyeong JS, Kim WT, Kim DH. The Effect of Microstructure Evolution on the Elevated Temperature Mechanical Properties in Mg-Sn-Ca System. MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS. 2008;49(10):2405-13.
  21. Liu M, Schmutz P, Uggowitzer PJ, Song G, Atrens A. The influence of yttrium (Y) on the corrosion of Mg–Y binary alloys. Corrosion Science. 2010;52(11):3687-701.
  22. Hanzi A, Gunde P, Schinhammer M, Uggowitzer P. On the biodegradation performance of an Mg–Y–RE alloy with various surface conditions in simulated body fluid. Acta Biomaterialia. 2009;5(1):162-71.
  23. A. Azizi Amirabad, S.R. Allahkaram, Electrochemical behavior of nanostructured bioglass®/alginate composite coating on magnesium alloy by electrophoretic deposition for orthopedic application, J. Ultrafine Grained Nanostructured Mater. 55 (2022) 49–57.
Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials
Volume 57, Issue 1
June 2024
Pages 1-8

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 January 2024
  • Revise Date: 01 February 2024
  • Accept Date: 02 February 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics