Obtaining long products by severe plastic deformation methods: A Review

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors

1 Metal forming, Karaganda Industrial University

2 Metallurgy and Mining, Rudny Industrial Institute

10.22059/jufgnsm.2023.01.09

Abstract

Over the last 20-30 years, severe plastic deformation (SPD) technologies have caused a significant resonance in the production of ultrafine grained and nanostructured materials. However, the growth of demand for such technologies is largely limited by the high cost of making products from such materials due to the high energy and labour intensity of their production. Therefore, this article analyzes modern technologies for the production of ultra-fine grained metals and alloys with high strength and ductility, using relatively simple and inexpensive equipment and with minimal time required for their production. The development and proliferation of continuous casting machines in the second half of the 20th century led to the development of many continuous press methods used for deformation of long billets, among which Conform, Extrolling, Linex and combined rolling-press technologies stand out. Therefore, in the present article all combined and continuous processes currently available for the production of long products with ultrafine grains and nanostructures will be considered. Such structures are fundamentally different from conventional materials, because they combine high strength properties with high ductility. This is relevant for applications where weight, size or special performance characteristics of the parts are important.

Keywords

References

  1. Langdon TG. Twenty-five years of ultrafine-grained materials: Achieving exceptional properties through grain refinement. Acta Materialia. 2013;61(19):7035-59.
  2. Volokitina I, Kolesnikov A, Fediuk R, Klyuev S, Sabitov L, Volokitin A, et al. Study of the Properties of Antifriction Rings under Severe Plastic Deformation. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(7):2584.
  3. Volokitina IE. Effect of Preliminary Heat Treatment on Deformation of Brass by the Method of ECAP. Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2021;63(3-4):163-7.
  4. Ren Z, Chiang R, Qin H, Vasudevan VK, Doll GL, Dong Y, et al. Tribological performance of 52,100 steel subjected to boron-doped DLC coating and ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification. Wear. 2020;458-459:203398.
  5. Projdak YS, Kutsova VZ, Kotova TV, Stetsenko HP, Prutchykova VV. Regularities of Formation of Structure, Texture and Properties under the Combined Plastic Deformation of the Low-Carbon and Ultralow-Carbon Steels for Cold Press Forming. Uspehi Fiziki Metallov. 2019;20(2):213-84.
  6. Zinoviev AV, Koshmin AN, Chasnikov AY. Evolution of the Microstructure of the Copper Alloy (DIN-ECu-57) in the Deformation Zone in the Process of Pressing Conform. Materials Science Forum. 2018;918:145-51.
  7. https://bwe.co.uk/brochure
  8. Raab G, Raab A, Asfandiyarov R, Fakhretdinova E. Combined and consecutive SPD processing techniques Materials science. Non-equilibrium phase transformations. 2017;1:10-11.
  9. Dobatkin S, Zrnik J, Nikulin S, Kovarik T. Strength and ductility of medium carbon steel after equal channel angular pressing. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2010;240:012127.
  10. Volokitina I. Structure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 2024 after cryogenic cooling during ECAP. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 2020;55(2):479-485.
  11. Valiev RZ. SPD Processing and Enhanced Properties in Metallic Materials. Investigations and Applications of Severe Plastic Deformation: Springer Netherlands; 2000. p. 221-30.
  12. Avitzur В. Methods of and apparatus for production of wire. USA Patent 3934446 . 1973 Jan 27.
  13. Avitzur B. Metal Forming: Processes and Analysis. McGraw-Hill. 1968; 250-292.
  14. Alexander JM, Tilakasiri AN. A Study of the Process of Extrolling. Proceedings of the Twentieth International Machine Tool Design and Research Conference: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 1980. p. 93-102.
  15. Mostaed E, Fabrizi A, Dellasega D, Bonollo F, Vedani M. Grain size and texture dependence on mechanical properties, asymmetric behavior and low temperature superplasticity of ZK60 Mg alloy. Materials Characterization. 2015;107:70-8.
  16. Banjongprasert C, Jak-Ra A, Domrong C, Patakham U, Pongsaksawad W, Chairuangsri T. Characterization Of An Equal Channel Angular Pressed Al-Zn-In Alloy. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 2015;60(2):887-90.
  17. Avitzur B. Extrolling: Confined Extrusion and Rolling. Wire Technology. 1975;3:55-58.
  18. Javaid A, Czerwinski F. Progress in twin roll casting of magnesium alloys: A review. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys. 2021;9(2):362-91.
  19. Raab GI, Sidelnikov SB, Dovzhenko NN, Himaltdinova EI. Method of combined casting, rolling and pressing and device for its implementation. RU Patent 2519078. 2014 Jun 10.
  20. Baranov VN, Voroshilov DS, Galiev RI, Dovzhenko IN, Dovzhenko NN, Lopatina ES, Sidelnikov SB, Soldatov SV. Device for continuous casting. Rolling and pressing of non-ferrous metals and alloys. RU Patent 2457914. 2012 Aug 10.
  21. Prabir K, Chaudhury RS, Srinath V. Continuous severe plastic deformation process for metallic materials. USA Patent 6895795. 2005 May 24.
  22. Yun X-b, You W, Zhao Y, Li B, Fan Z-x. Continuous extrusion and rolling forming velocity of copper strip. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 2013;23(4):1108-13.
  23. Bogatov AA, Nukhov DS, P’yankov KP. Finite-Element Modeling of Plate-Rolling. Metallurgist. 2015;59(1-2):113-8.
  24. Rudskoy AI, Bogatov AA, Nukhov DS, Tolkushkin AO. New Method of Severe Plastic Deformation of Metals. Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2018;60(1-2):3-6.
  25. Utsunomiya H, Hatsuda K, Sakai T, Saito Y. Continuous grain refinement of aluminum strip by conshearing. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2004;372(1-2):199-206.
  26. Takayama Y, Tozawa T, Kato H, Watanabe H, Izawa T. Proc. fourth Intern. Conf. on Recrystallization and Related Phenomena, 321 (1999).
  27. Lee JW, Park JJ. Numerical and experimental investigations of constrained groove pressing and rolling for grain refinement. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2002;130-131:208-13.
  28. Faraji G, Torabzadeh H. An Overview on the Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation Methods. MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS. 2019;60(7):1316-30.
  29. Latypov MI, Lee M-G, Beygelzimer Y, Prilepo D, Gusar Y, Kim HS. Modeling and Characterization of Texture Evolution in Twist Extrusion. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 2015;47(3):1248-60.
  30. Hawryluk M, Ziemba J, Sadowski P. A Review of Current and New Measurement Techniques Used in Hot Die Forging Processes. Measurement and Control. 2017;50(3):74-86.
  31. Chukin MV, Polyakova MA, Golubchik EM. Method of obtaining ultrafine-grained semi-finished products by drawing with twisting. RU Patent 2467816. 2012 Nov 27.
  32. Chukin MV, Korchunov AG, Polyakova MA, Lysenin AV, Gulin AE. Assessing the effectiveness of intense plastic deformation of structural carbon steel. Steel in Translation. 2013;43(2):50-4.
  33. Chukin MV, Polyakova MA, Golubchik EM, Emaleeva DG, Gulin AE. A facility for production of long bars with ultrafine grain structure Patent RF 159535. 2016.
  34. Polyakova MA, Calliari I, Pivovarova KG, Gulin AE. Approach to obtaining medium carbon steel wire with a specified set of mechanical properties after combined deformational processing. Materials Physics and Mechanics. 2018;36:53-59.
  35. Muszka K, Wielgus M, Majta J, Doniec K, Stefanska-Kadziela M. Influence of Strain Path Changes on Microstructure Inhomogeneity and Mechanical Behavior of Wire Drawing Products. Materials Science Forum. 2010;654-656:314-7.
  36. Hollmann, Das Schubwalzen – Ein neues Walzverfahren.Technika. 1979;28:1845-1846.
  37. Jahedi M, Knezevic M, Paydar MH. High-Pressure Double Torsion as a Severe Plastic Deformation Process: Experimental Procedure and Finite Element Modeling. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2015;24(4):1471-82.
  38. Raghavan S, Prabir KC, Balakrishna C, Qingyou H, David S, Percy G. Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation Processing of Aluminum Alloys. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI); 2006 2006/06/30.
  39. Vasylyev MO, Nosenko VK, Zagorulko IV, Voloshko SM. Nanocrystallization of Amorphous Fe-Based Alloys under Severe Plastic Deformation. Uspehi Fiziki Metallov. 2020;21(3):319-44.
  40. Pachla W, Kulczyk M, Sus-Ryszkowska M, Mazur A, Kurzydlowski KJ. Nanocrystalline titanium produced by hydrostatic extrusion. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2008;205(1-3):173-82.
  41. Wei W, Wang SL, Wei KX, Alexandrov IV, Du QB, Hu J. Microstructure and tensile properties of Cu Al alloys processed by ECAP and rolling at cryogenic temperature. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2016;678:506-10.
  42. Panigrahi SK, Jayaganthan R, Pancholi V, Gupta M. A DSC study on the precipitation kinetics of cryorolled Al 6063 alloy. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2010;122(1):188-93.
  43. S RK, Gudimetla K, B T, B R. Effect of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al–Mg Alloy Processed by ECAP at Room Temperature and Cryo Temperature. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 2017;70(3):639-48.
  44. Perez L, Javier U, Perez-Ilzarbe. Proceso para el estirado de materiales metálicos en canal poliangular ЕSР Patent 224787. 2005 Apr 16.
  45. Chakkingal U, Suriadi AB, Thomson PF. The development of microstructure and the influence of processing route during equal channel angular drawing of pure aluminum. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 1999;266(1-2):241-9.
  46. Sergey L, Abdrakhman N, Evgeniy P, Irina V. Influence of Combined Process “Rolling-pressing” on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper. Procedia Engineering. 2014;81:1499-504.
  47. Volokitina I, Siziakova E, Fediuk R, Kolesnikov A. Development of a Thermomechanical Treatment Mode for Stainless-Steel Rings. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(14):4930.
  48. Naizabekov A, Lezhnev S, Panin E, Volokitina I, Arbuz A, Koinov T, et al. Effect of Combined Rolling–ECAP on Ultrafine-Grained Structure and Properties in 6063 Al Alloy. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2018;28(1):200-10.
  49. Valiev RZ, Alexandrov IV, Zhu YT, Lowe TC. Paradox of Strength and Ductility in Metals Processed Bysevere Plastic Deformation. Journal of Materials Research. 2002;17(1):5-8.
  50. Volokitina I, Vasilyeva N, Fediuk R, Kolesnikov A. Hardening of Bimetallic Wires from Secondary Materials Used in the Construction of Power Lines. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(11):3975.
  51. Volokitin A, Nayzabekov A, Volokitina I, Bobrov A. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 316 Steel in the Process of High-pressure Torsion. Trudy Universiteta. 2022(3):29-33.
  52. Volokitina IE. ICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION OF STEEL-ALUMINUM WIRE DURING DEFORMATION BY "EQUAL-CHANNEL ANGULAR PRESSING-DRAWING"METHOD. Eurasian Physical Technical Journal. 2022;19(1 (39)):73-7.
  53. Volokitina IE, Naizabekov AB, Volokitin AV. EFFECT OF DEFORMATION BY ECAP-DRAWING METHOD ON CHANGE IN PROPERTIES OF STEEL-ALUMINUM WIRE. Metallurg. 2022(10):54-7.
  54. Volokitin A, Volokitina I, Panin E. Martensitic Transformation in AISI-316 Austenitic Steel During Thermomechanical Processing. Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis. 2022;11(4):673-5.
  55. Volokitina I, Volokitin A, Naizabekov A, Panin E. FEM-study of bimetallic wire deformation during combined ECAP-drawing. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 2021;56:410-416.
  56. Kharitonov VA, Usanov MY. Forming structure wire in the process of radial displacement broach. Letters on Materials. 2014;4(1):37-40.
  57. Chukin MV, Korchunov AG, Polyakova MA, Emaleeva DG. Forming ultrafine-grain structure in steel wire by continuous deformation. Steel in Translation. 2010;40(6):595-7.
  58. Chukin M, Emaleeva D. Designing a tool for equal-channel angular wire broaching. Izvestiya TulSU. Technical sciences. 2014.
  59. Kuznetsov PA, Askinazi AY, Lagutin MV, Farmakovsky BV, Nikitina VN. Materials on the basis of amorphous magnetically soft alloys as a means to protect people from the permanent magnetic fields and magnetic fields of frequency 50 Hz. Proceedings of the 8th Russian Scientific and Technical Conference on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic safety (EMC-2004). 2004:594-599.
  60. Tsarev IV. Planning the aircraft cable assembly lines, taking into account intersystem electromagnetic compatibility. IEEE 6th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Ecology, 2005: IEEE.
  61. E-MRS/IUMRS-ICEM 2006 Spring Meeting Emphasizes Functional Materials and Devices. MRS Bulletin. 2006;31(10):774-85.
  62. Volokitina IE, Naizabekov AB, Volokitin AV. Effect of Deformation by Ecap-Drawing Method on Change in Steel-Aluminum Wire Properties. Metallurgist. 2023;66(9-10):1235-40.
  63. Ayati V, Parsa MH, Mirzadeh H. Deformation of Pure Aluminum Along the Groove Path of ECAP-Conform Process. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2015;18(2):319-23.
  64. Arbuz A, Kawalek A, Ozhmegov K, Panin E, Magzhanov M, Lutchenko N, et al. Obtaining an Equiaxed Ultrafine-Grained State of the Longlength Bulk Zirconium Alloy Bars by Extralarge Shear Deformations with a Vortex Metal Flow. Materials (Basel). 2023;16(3):1062.

 

Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials
Volume 56, Issue 1
June 2023
Pages 84-98

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 February 2023
  • Revise Date: 20 March 2023
  • Accept Date: 09 April 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics