Experimental and Finite Element Analyses of the Hydrostatic Cyclic Expansion Extrusion (HCEE) Process with Back-Pressure

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

It is generally known that severe plastic deformation processes with back pressure not only apply higher hydrostatic stress and more deformation compared to what a regular process can apply to a workpiece but also prevent surface defects in the workpiece during the process. Hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion (HCEE) was developed recently for processing long ultrafine-grained metals and alloys. This process applies relatively higher hydrostatic pressure and prevents the formation of defects at the same time dramatically decreases the process load by eliminating the friction. However, increasing the compressive hydrostatic pressure leads to enhance the mechanical properties by minimizing the initiation and propagation of defects. So, back pressure may be considered as a solution. In this paper, first, morphological investigation of HCEE processed aluminum without back pressure is conducted. Second, the plastic deformation behavior of the aluminum sample during this recently introduced process for producing longer samples with different external back pressures is investigated using the finite element method. The homogeneity within the workpiece was analyzed in terms of contours, path plot, and statistics of strain distribution under different conditions regarding back pressure. The simulation results shed some lights on the optimum design of HCEE for homogeneous and large severe plastic deformation.

Keywords

References

1.            Segal VM. Materials processing by simple shear. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 1995;197(2):157-64.
2.            Alhajeri SN, Gao N, Langdon TG. Hardness homogeneity on longitudinal and transverse sections of an aluminum alloy processed by ECAP. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2011;528(10-11):3833-40.
3.            Zhang J. A New Bulk Deformation Method – Cyclic Extrusion. Materials Science Forum. 2007;546-549:2293-300.
4.            Rahmatabadi D, Tayyebi M, Sheikhi A, Hashemi R. Fracture toughness investigation of Al1050/Cu/MgAZ31ZB multi-layered composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2018;734:427-36.
5.            Rahmatabadi D, Tayyebi M, Hashemi R, Faraji G. Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multilayer Al5052–Cu Composite Produced by Accmulative Roll Bonding. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics. 2018;57(3-4):144-53.
6.            Eskandarzade M, Masoumi A, Faraji G, Mohammadpour M, Yan XS. A new designed incremental high pressure torsion process for producing long nanostructured rod samples. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2017;695:1539-46.
7.            Moon J, Qi Y, Tabachnikova E, Estrin Y, Choi W-M, Joo S-H, et al. Deformation-induced phase transformation of Co 20 Cr 26 Fe 20 Mn 20 Ni 14 high-entropy alloy during high-pressure torsion at 77 K. Materials Letters. 2017;202:86-8.
8.            Raab GJ, Valiev RZ, Lowe TC, Zhu YT. Continuous processing of ultrafine grained Al by ECAP–Conform. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2004;382(1-2):30-4.
9.            Utsunomiya H, Hatsuda K, Sakai T, Saito Y. Continuous grain refinement of aluminum strip by conshearing. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2004;372(1-2):199-206.
10.          Samadpour F, Faraji G, Babaie P, Bewsher SR, Mohammadpour M. Hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion (HCEE) as a novel severe plastic deformation process for producing long nanostructured metals. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2018;718:412-7.
11.          Pugh HL. HYDROSTATIC EXTRUSION. 1969; 1969 Jan 1.
12.          Faraji G, Kim HS. Review of principles and methods of severe plastic deformation for producing ultrafine-grained tubes. Materials Science and Technology. 2016;33(8):905-23.
13.          ŚCINANIA WO, REALIZOWANYCH WP, PRZECIWCIŚNIENIEM NN. Strain-stress conditions of shear band formation during CEC processing on a new machine with control back-pressure. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 2010;55(2).
14.          Xia K, Wang JT, Wu X, Chen G, Gurvan M. Equal channel angular pressing of magnesium alloy AZ31. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2005;410-411:324-7.
15.          Lapovok RY. The role of back-pressure in equal channel angular extrusion. Journal of Materials Science. 2005;40(2):341-6.
16.          McKenzie PWJ, Lapovok R, Estrin Y. The influence of back pressure on ECAP processed AA 6016: Modeling and experiment. Acta Materialia. 2007;55(9):2985-93.
17.          Rahimi F, Eivani AR. A new severe plastic deformation technique based on pure shear. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2015;626:423-31.
18.          Javidikia M, Hashemi R. Mechanical anisotropy in ultra-fine grained aluminium tubes processed by parallel-tubular-channel angular pressing. Materials Science and Technology. 2017;33(18):2265-73.
19.          Amani S, Faraji G, Abrinia K. Microstructure and hardness inhomogeneity of fine-grained AM60 magnesium alloy subjected to cyclic expansion extrusion (CEE). Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2017;28:197-208.
20.          Jamali SS, Faraji G, Abrinia K. Hydrostatic radial forward tube extrusion as a new plastic deformation method for producing seamless tubes. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2016;88(1-4):291-301.
21.          Bulk Nanostructured Materials. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2009.
22.          Lewandowska M, Kurzydlowski KJ. Recent development in grain refinement by hydrostatic extrusion. Journal of Materials Science. 2008;43(23-24):7299-306.
23.          Mesbah M, Faraji G, Bushroa AR. Characterization of nanostructured pure aluminum tubes produced by tubular channel angular pressing (TCAP). Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2014;590:289-94.
24.          Hosseini SH, Abrinia K, Faraji G. Applicability of a modified backward extrusion process on commercially pure aluminum. Materials & Design (1980-2015). 2015;65:521-8.
25.          Tavakkoli V, Afrasiab M, Faraji G, Mashhadi MM. Severe mechanical anisotropy of high-strength ultrafine grained Cu–Zn tubes processed by parallel tubular channel angular pressing (PTCAP). Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2015;625:50-5.
26.          Su CW, Lu L, Lai MO. 3D finite element analysis on strain uniformity during ECAP process. Materials Science and Technology. 2007;23(6):727-35.
Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials
Volume 52, Issue 1
June 2019
Pages 25-31

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 24 November 2018
  • Revise Date: 21 December 2018
  • Accept Date: 22 December 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics