Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)–Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Nanocomposite for the Fabrication of Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Applied Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India

10.22059/jufgnsm.2025.02.06

Abstract

Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) are gaining attention as sustainable power sources for wearable and self-powered electronic systems due to their capability to convert mechanical energy into electrical output. The present work aims to enhance the performance of a flexible PENG by incorporating aluminum nitride (AlN) nanoparticles into a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) matrix. The nanocomposite fibers were fabricated through electrospinning technique with an. The structural, morphological, and compositional features were examined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). FT-IR and XRD analyses confirmed the presence and enhancement of the electroactive β-phase in the composite, while FE-SEM images indicated uniform fiber formation with well-distributed nanoparticles. The optimized device with AlN loading of 15 wt% achieved an output voltage of 2.64 V and a current of 0.49 μA, showing over a tenfold enhancement in voltage and an order of magnitude increase in current compared with pristine PVDF-HFP fibers. The nanogenerator also delivered a power density of 12.00 mW/m² under a 20 MΩ load. These results confirm that AlN nanoparticle incorporation effectively improves dipole alignment and stress transfer, positioning the PVDF-HFP/AlN composite as a strong candidate for high-performance piezoelectric energy harvesting applications.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials
Volume 58, Issue 2
December 2025
Pages 208-218

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History

  • Receive Date: 21 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2025
  • Accept Date: 05 November 2025

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