Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials

Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials

Utilization of Banana Peels as Biopolymer Nanocomposites: A Preliminary Study on the Addition of Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Andita Nataria Fitri Ganda 1
Dewi Puspitasari 1
Anif Jamaluddin 2
Cindy Mutiara Septani 3
Ferly Isnomo Abdi 1
Nurlia Pramita Sari 4
Aji Nugroho 5
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
2 Department of Physics Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
3 Research Center of Polymer Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, Indonesia
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
10.22059/jufgnsm.2024.02.02
Abstract
Banana peel is an organic waste that contains starch and is widely available in the environment. It is biodegradable and potential material for sustainable bioplastic application. Yet the mechanical properties are still limited. Therefore, in this study, we tried to overcome those weaknesses by adding electrochemically exfoliated graphene (ECG) nanoplatelets, enhancing the bioplastic properties. By incorporating 4 wt% graphene into banana peel starch films, we obtained a considerable improvement in mechanical properties, with Young’s modulus and tensile strength increasing to 135.02 MPa (from 23.13 MPa) and 3.74 MPa (from 2.07 MPa), respectively. Furthermore, the modified bioplastic exhibited a good water contact angle from 44.95° to 50.27°. The bioplastics retained their biodegradability, decomposing into small sizes after 6 days in the soil. This study demonstrates the feasibility of enhancing bioplastic mechanical properties and maintaining the biodegradability and eco-friendly bioplastic of banana peel, by using ECG nanoplatelets.
Keywords
Electrochemically exfoliated graphene
banana peel starch
tensile strength
contact angle
biodegradability
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Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials
Volume 57, Issue 2
December 2024
Pages 120-127

  • Receive Date 07 October 2024
  • Revise Date 21 November 2024
  • Accept Date 05 December 2024