Optimization of Copper and Zinc ions removal from aqueous solution by modified Nano-bentonite using Response surface methodology

Nasseri, Shahab; Yaqubov, Ali; Alemi, Abdolali; Nuriev, Ali

doi:10.22059/jufgnsm.2020.01.10

Optimization of Copper and Zinc ions removal from aqueous solution by modified Nano-bentonite using Response surface methodology

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Shahab Nasseri ¹

Ali Yaqubov ²

Abdolali Alemi ³

Ali Nuriev ²

¹ Technical College of Ibn Sina Khalkhal, Technical and Vocayional University, Ardabil, Iran; Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry named after acad. M. F. Nagiyev of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan; Department of Inorganic chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

² Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry named after acad. M. F. Nagiyev of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan.

³ Department of Inorganic chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

10.22059/jufgnsm.2020.01.10

Abstract

In recent decades, the presence of heavy metal ions in wastewater has become an important public concern worldwide. Adsorption is a commonly used technique for removing various types of materials including metal ions from contaminated water sources. However, common methods for adsorption are not completely efficient at low ion concentrations; therefore, adsorbents should be improved in order to reach an acceptable level of adsorption efficiency. In this study, the removal of two heavy metals ions, zinc and copper, from synthetic aqueous solutionusing Nano-bentonite was investigated. Modified bentonite was obtained by calcination of bentonite at 600℃ for 2h. Response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were used to optimize the operating factors of the adsorption process. Operation time, adsorbent dosage, ion concentration and pH were the variables and percentage of ion removal was considered as the response. HCl and NaOH were used as chemical agents to adjust pH at optimum level of operating condition for Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ removal which were as follows: Cu²⁺initial concentration: 110.1 mg/L, pH:7.3, time: 96.8 min, adsorbent dosage: 2.1 g/l, and Zn²⁺ initial concentration: 105 mg/L, pH: 6.9, time: 73.1 min and adsorbent dosage: 2 g/l. Results and 3D plots exhibited significant proof for accepting the competence of the modified Nano-bentonite as an efficient adsorbent for metals ion removal.

Keywords

Response surface methodology

Heavy metal adsorption

Wastewater treatment

Nano bentonite

1. Wang J, Ma H, Yuan W, He W, Wang S, You J. Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic/organic-modified bentonite and its application in methyl orange water treatment. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2013;52(40-42):7660-72.

2. Wada K. Selective Adsorption of Zinc on Halloysite. Clays and Clay Minerals. 1980;28(5):321-7.

3. Fu F, Wang Q. Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review. Journal of Environmental Management. 2011;92(3):407-18.

4. Da̧browski A, Hubicki Z, Podkościelny P, Robens E. Selective removal of the heavy metal ions from waters and industrial wastewaters by ion-exchange method. Chemosphere. 2004;56(2):91-106.

5. Siu PCC, Koong LF, Saleem J, Barford J, McKay G. Equilibrium and kinetics of copper ions removal from wastewater by ion exchange. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2016;24(1):94-100.

6. Chen J, Wang Y, Ding S, Ding J, Li M, Zhang C, et al. Sub- and super-critical water oxidation of wastewater containing organic and heavy metallic pollutants and recovery of superfine metallic particles. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2016;4(3):2698-705.

7. Edo J. Adsorption of toxic metals and control of mosquitos-borne disease by Lysinibacillus sphaericus: dual Benefits for health and environment. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. 2016 Mar 1;29(3):187-96.

8. Kiani G. High removal capacity of silver ions from aqueous solution onto Halloysite nanotubes. Applied Clay Science. 2014;90:159-64.

9. Gupta GS, Prasad G, Singh VN. Removal of chrome dye from aqueous solutions by mixed adsorbents: Fly ash and coal. Water Research. 1990;24(1):45-50.

10. Kalavathy M H, Regupathi I, Pillai MG, Miranda LR. Modelling, analysis and optimization of adsorption parameters for H3PO4 activated rubber wood sawdust using response surface methodology (RSM). Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2009;70(1):35-45.

11. Ali RM, Hamad HA, Hussein MM, Malash GF. Potential of using green adsorbent of heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions: Adsorption kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamic, mechanism and economic analysis. Ecological Engineering. 2016;91:317-32.

12. Bouberka Z, Kacha S, Kameche M, Elmaleh S, Derriche Z. Sorption study of an acid dye from an aqueous solutions using modified clays. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2005;119(1-3):117-24.

13. Manohar DM, Noeline BF, Anirudhan TS. Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal of cobalt(II) from aqueous phase. Applied Clay Science. 2006;31(3-4):194-206.

14. Li Q, Yue Q-Y, Su Y, Gao B-Y, Sun H-J. Equilibrium, thermodynamics and process design to minimize adsorbent amount for the adsorption of acid dyes onto cationic polymer-loaded bentonite. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2010;158(3):489-97.

15. Tahir S, Naseem R. Removal of Cr(III) from tannery wastewater by adsorption onto bentonite clay. Separation and Purification Technology. 2007;53(3):312-21.

16. Anirudhan TS, Ramachandran M. Adsorptive removal of tannin from aqueous solutions by cationic surfactant-modified bentonite clay. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2006;299(1):116-24.

17. Iqbal M, Iqbal N, Bhatti IA, Ahmad N, Zahid M. Response surface methodology application in optimization of cadmium adsorption by shoe waste: A good option of waste mitigation by waste. Ecological Engineering. 2016;88:265-75.

18. Bezerra MA, Santelli RE, Oliveira EP, Villar LS, Escaleira LA. Response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool for optimization in analytical chemistry. Talanta. 2008;76(5):965-77.

19. Han W, Fu F, Cheng Z, Tang B, Wu S. Studies on the optimum conditions using acid-washed zero-valent iron/aluminum mixtures in permeable reactive barriers for the removal of different heavy metal ions from wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2016;302:437-46.

20. Desta MB. Batch sorption experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm studies for the adsorption of textile metal ions onto teff straw (Eragrostis tef) agricultural waste. Journal of thermodynamics. 2013;2013.

22. Karvelas M, Katsoyiannis A, Samara C. Occurrence and fate of heavy metals in the wastewater treatment process. Chemosphere. 2003;53(10):1201-10.

23. Jahanizadeh S, Yazdian F, Marjani A, Omidi M, Rashedi H. Curcumin-loaded chitosan/carboxymethyl starch/montmorillonite bio-nanocomposite for reduction of dental bacterial biofilm formation. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2017;105:757-63.

24. Brigatti MF, Galan E, Theng BKG. Chapter 2 Structures and Mineralogy of Clay Minerals. Developments in Clay Science: Elsevier; 2006. p. 19-86.

25. Ahmedna M, Johns MM, Clarke SJ, Marshall WE, Rao RM. Potential of agricultural by-product-based activated carbons for use in raw sugar decolourisation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 1997;75(1):117-24.

26. Huerta-Pujol O, Soliva M, Martínez-Farré FX, Valero J, López M. Bulk density determination as a simple and complementary tool in composting process control. Bioresource Technology. 2010;101(3):995-1001.

27. Eltantawy IM, Arnold PW. REAPPRAISAL OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-ETHYL ETHER (EGME) METHOD FOR SURFACE AREA ESTIMATIONS OF CLAYS. Journal of Soil Science. 1973;24(2):232-8.

28. Thuc C-NH, Grillet A-C, Reinert L, Ohashi F, Thuc HH, Duclaux L. Separation and purification of montmorillonite and polyethylene oxide modified montmorillonite from Vietnamese bentonites. Applied Clay Science. 2010;49(3):229-38.

29. Singh S, Ma L, Hendry M. Characterization of aqueous lead removal by phosphatic clay: Equilibrium and kinetic studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2006;136(3):654-62.

30. Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Villaescusa I. Chemical equilibria in wastewaters during toxic metal ion removal by agricultural biomass. Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 2010;254(17-18):2181-92.

31. Benguella B, Yacouta-Nour A. Adsorption of Bezanyl Red and Nylomine Green from aqueous solutions by natural and acid-activated bentonite. Desalination. 2009;235(1-3):276-92.

32. Atia A. Adsorption of chromate and molybdate by cetylpyridinium bentonite. Applied Clay Science. 2008;41(1-2):73-84.

33. Malkoc E, Nuhoglu Y. Potential of tea factory waste for chromium(VI) removal from aqueous solutions: Thermodynamic and kinetic studies. Separation and Purification Technology. 2007;54(3):291-8.

34. Zhu B, Fan T, Zhang D. Adsorption of copper ions from aqueous solution by citric acid modified soybean straw. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2008;153(1-2):300-8.

35. Phillips M, Cataneo RN, Cummin ARC, Gagliardi AJ, Gleeson K, Greenberg J, et al. Detection of Lung Cancer With Volatile Markers in the Breatha. Chest. 2003;123(6):2115-23.

36. Baysal Z, Çinar E, Bulut Y, Alkan H, Dogru M. Equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of Pb(II) onto Candida albicans biomass. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2009;161(1):62-7.

37. Said KA, Amin MA. Overview on the response surface methodology (RSM) in extraction processes. Journal of Applied Science & Process Engineering. 2015;2(1).

38. Ahmadi S, Bazrafshan E, Kord Mostafapoor F. Treatment of landfill leachate using a combined Coagulation and modify bentonite adsorption processes. J Sci Eng Res. 2017;4(2):58-64.

39. Amarasinghe BMWPK, Williams RA. Tea waste as a low cost adsorbent for the removal of Cu and Pb from wastewater. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2007;132(1-3):299-309.

40. Ramavandi B, Asgari G, Faradmal J, Sahebi S, Roshani B. Abatement of Cr (VI) from wastewater using a new adsorbent, cantaloupe peel: Taguchi L16 orthogonal array optimization. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2014;31(12):2207-14.

41. Mouni L, Merabet D, Bouzaza A, Belkhiri L. Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions using activated carbon developed from Apricot stone. Desalination. 2011;276(1-3):148-53.

42. Alghamdi AA, Al-Odayni A-B, Saeed WS, Al-Kahtani A, Alharthi FA, Aouak T. Efficient Adsorption of Lead (II) from Aqueous Phase Solutions Using Polypyrrole-Based Activated Carbon. Materials. 2019;12(12):2020.

43. Uddin MK. A review on the adsorption of heavy metals by clay minerals, with special focus on the past decade. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2017;308:438-62.