Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials

Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials

Zinc based bioalloys processed by severe plastic deformation – A review

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors
Nafiseh Mollaei 1
Seyed Mahmood Fatemi 2
Mohammadreza Abootalebi 1
Hossein Razavi 1
1 School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, iran.
2 Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
10.22059/jufgnsm.2020.01.06
Abstract
Zinc based alloys have recently attracted great attention as promising biodegradable metals. Zinc exhibits moderate degradation rates in biological fluid and the zinc releases during the degradation process is considered safe to human systems. However, these materials exhibit critical limitations in terms of mechanical properties for medical applications. Adding alloying elements as well as grain refinement by thermomechanical processing are considered as effective techniques to address this problem. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods were considered in recent few years to process the zinc-based bioalloys to achieve acceptable mechanical characteristic while retaining their desired biocorrosion behavior. Summarizing present literature implied that Mg, Ag, Mn, and Ca containing zinc bioalloys may provide an improved strength and ductility approaching the common mechanical criteria. However, due to low melting temperature of zinc, there remains new uncertainties in mechanical response as future challenge, including low creep resistance and high susceptibility to natural aging at body temperature.
Keywords
Zinc alloys
Severe plastic deformation
Microstructure
Mechanical properties
1. Bornapour M. Investigation of new biodegradable magnesium alloy with improved biocorrosion, biocompatibility and mechanical properties for use in temporary cardiovascular stents (Doctoral dissertation, McGill University).
2. Seitz J-M, Durisin M, Goldman J, Drelich JW. Recent Advances in Biodegradable Metals for Medical Sutures: A Critical Review. Advanced Healthcare Materials. 2015;4(13):1915-36.
3. Moravej M, Mantovani D. Biodegradable metals for cardiovascular stent application: interests and new opportunities. International journal of molecular sciences. 2011;12(7):4250-70.
4. Peuster M, Hesse C, Schloo T, Fink C, Beerbaum P, von Schnakenburg C. Long-term biocompatibility of a corrodible peripheral iron stent in the porcine descending aorta. Biomaterials. 2006;27(28):4955-62.
5. Katarivas Levy G, Goldman J, Aghion E. The Prospects of Zinc as a Structural Material for Biodegradable Implants—A Review Paper. Metals. 2017;7(10):402.
6. Mostaed E, Sikora-Jasinska M, Drelich JW, Vedani M. Zinc-based alloys for degradable vascular stent applications. Acta biomaterialia. 2018;71:1-23.
7. Bowen PK, Guillory RJ, 2nd, Shearier ER, Seitz J-M, Drelich J, Bocks M, et al. Metallic zinc exhibits optimal biocompatibility for bioabsorbable endovascular stents. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2015;56:467-72.
8. Vojtěch D, Kubásek J, Šerák J, Novák P. Mechanical and corrosion properties of newly developed biodegradable Zn-based alloys for bone fixation. Acta Biomaterialia. 2011;7(9):3515-22.
9. Čapek J, Kubásek J, Pinc J, Drahokoupil J, Čavojský M, Vojtěch D. Extrusion of the biodegradable ZnMg0.8Ca0.2 alloy – The influence of extrusion parameters on microstructure and mechanical characteristics. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 2020;108:103796.
10. Zhao S, Seitz J-M, Eifler R, Maier HJ, Guillory RJ, 2nd, Earley EJ, et al. Zn-Li alloy after extrusion and drawing: Structural, mechanical characterization, and biodegradation in abdominal aorta of rat. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017;76:301-12.
11. Liu X, Sun J, Zhou F, Yang Y, Chang R, Qiu K, et al. Corrigendum to “Micro-alloying with Mn in Zn–Mg alloy for future biodegradable metals application” [Mater. Des. 94 (2016) 95–104]. Materials & Design. 2016;96:377.
12. Humphreys FJ, Prangnell PB, Priestner R. Fine-grained alloys by thermomechanical processing. Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science. 2001;5(1):15-21.
13. Torabi M, Eivani AR, Jafarian H, Salehi MT. Re-strengthening in AA6063 Alloy During Equal Channel Angular Pressing. Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials. 2017 Dec 1;50(2):90-7.
14. Veena P, Yadav DM, Kumar CN. A critical review on severe plastic deformation. IJSRSET. 2017;3(2):336-43.
15. Cao Y, Ni S, Liao X, Song M, Zhu Y. Structural evolutions of metallic materials processed by severe plastic deformation. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 2018;133:1-59.
16. Fatemi M, Zarei-Hanzaki A. Review on ultrafined/nanostructured magnesium alloys produced through severe plastic deformation: microstructures. Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials. 2015 Dec 1;48(2):69-83.
17. Mohammad Nejad Fard N, Mirzadeh H, Mohammad R, Cabrera JM. Accumulative roll bonding of aluminum/stainless steel sheets. Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials. 2017 Jun 1;50(1):1-5.
18. Gu X-N, Zheng Y-F. A review on magnesium alloys as biodegradable materials. Frontiers of Materials Science in China. 2010;4(2):111-5.
19. Gong H, Wang K, Strich R, Zhou JG. In vitro biodegradation behavior, mechanical properties, and cytotoxicity of biodegradable Zn-Mg alloy. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2015;103(8):1632-40.
20. Bowen PK, Seitz J-M, Guillory RJ, Braykovich JP, Zhao S, Goldman J, et al. Evaluation of wrought Zn-Al alloys (1, 3, and 5 wt % Al) through mechanical andin vivotesting for stent applications. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials. 2017;106(1):245-58.
21. Niu J, Tang Z, Huang H, Pei J, Zhang H, Yuan G, et al. Research on a Zn-Cu alloy as a biodegradable material for potential vascular stents application. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2016;69:407-13.
22. Tang Z, Niu J, Huang H, Zhang H, Pei J, Ou J, et al. Potential biodegradable Zn-Cu binary alloys developed for cardiovascular implant applications. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 2017;72:182-91.
23. Jia B, Yang H, Han Y, Zhang Z, Qu X, Zhuang Y, et al. In vitro and in vivo studies of Zn-Mn biodegradable metals designed for orthopedic applications. Acta Biomaterialia. 2020;108:358-72.
24. Dai Y, Zhang Y, Liu H, Fang H, Li D, Xu X, et al. Mechanical strengthening mechanism of Zn-Li alloy and its mini tube as potential absorbable stent material. Materials Letters. 2019;235:220-3.
25. Li G, Yang H, Zheng Y, Chen X-H, Yang J-A, Zhu D, et al. Challenges in the use of zinc and its alloys as biodegradable metals: Perspective from biomechanical compatibility. Acta Biomaterialia. 2019;97:23-45.
26. Dambatta MS, Izman S, Kurniawan D, Hermawan H. Processing of Zn-3Mg alloy by equal channel angular pressing for biodegradable metal implants. Journal of King Saud University - Science. 2017;29(4):455-61.
27. Bednarczyk W, Kawałko J, Wątroba M, Bała P. Achieving room temperature superplasticity in the Zn-0.5Cu alloy processed via equal channel angular pressing. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2018;723:126-33.
28. Wang L, He Y, Zhao H, Xie H, Li S, Ren Y, et al. Effect of cumulative strain on the microstructural and mechanical properties of Zn-0.02 wt%Mg alloy wires during room-temperature drawing process. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2018;740:949-57.
29. Guo P, Li F, Yang L, Bagheri R, Zhang Q, Li BQ, et al. Ultra-fine-grained Zn-0.5Mn alloy processed by multi-pass hot extrusion: Grain refinement mechanism and room-temperature superplasticity. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2019;748:262-6.
30. Liu H, Huang H, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wang C, Sun J, et al. Evolution of Mg–Zn second phases during ECAP at different processing temperatures and its impact on mechanical properties of Zn-1.6Mg (wt.%) alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2019;811:151987.
31. Bednarczyk W, Wątroba M, Kawałko J, Bała P. Can zinc alloys be strengthened by grain refinement? A critical evaluation of the processing of low-alloyed binary zinc alloys using ECAP. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2019;748:357-66.
32. Mostaed E, Sikora-Jasinska M, Ardakani MS, Mostaed A, Reaney IM, Goldman J, et al. Towards revealing key factors in mechanical instability of bioabsorbable Zn-based alloys for intended vascular stenting. Acta biomaterialia. 2020;105:319-35.
33. Liu S, Kent D, Doan N, Dargusch M, Wang G. Effects of deformation twinning on the mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn-Mg alloys. Bioact Mater. 2018;4(1):8-16.
34. Liao X, Wang J, Nie J, Jiang Y, Wu P. Deformation twinning in hexagonal materials. MRS Bulletin. 2016;41(4):314-9.
35. Bednarczyk W, Kawałko J, Wątroba M, Gao N, Starink MJ, Bała P, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a Zn-0.5Cu alloy processed by high-pressure torsion. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020;776:139047.
36. Mostaed E, Ardakani MS, Sikora-Jasinska M, Drelich JW. Precipitation induced room temperature superplasticity in Zn-Cu alloys. Materials letters. 2019;244:203-6.
37. Jarzębska A, Bieda M, Kawałko J, Rogal Ł, Koprowski P, Sztwiertnia K, et al. A new approach to plastic deformation of biodegradable zinc alloy with magnesium and its effect on microstructure and mechanical properties. Materials Letters. 2018;211:58-61.
38. Ardakani MS, Mostaed E, Sikora-Jasinska M, Kampe SL, Drelich JW. The effects of alloying with Cu and Mn and thermal treatments on the mechanical instability of Zn-0.05Mg alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020;770:138529.
39. Humphreys FJ, Hatherly M. Recrystallization and related annealing phenomena. Elsevier; 2012 Dec 2.
40. Huang H, Liu H, Wang L-S, Li Y-H, Agbedor S-O, Bai J, et al. A High-Strength and Biodegradable Zn–Mg Alloy with Refined Ternary Eutectic Structure Processed by ECAP. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters). 2020.
41. Sun S, Ren Y, Wang L, Yang B, Li H, Qin G. Abnormal effect of Mn addition on the mechanical properties of as-extruded Zn alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2017;701:129-33.
42. Zberg B, Uggowitzer PJ, Löffler JF. MgZnCa glasses without clinically observable hydrogen evolution for biodegradable implants. Nature Materials. 2009;8(11):887-91.
43. Bowen PK, Drelich J, Goldman J. Zinc Exhibits Ideal Physiological Corrosion Behavior for Bioabsorbable Stents. Advanced Materials. 2013;25(18):2577-82.
44. Gollapudi S. Grain size distribution effects on the corrosion behaviour of materials. Corrosion Science. 2012;62:90-4.
Journal of Ultrafine Grained and Nanostructured Materials
Volume 53, Issue 1
June 2020
Pages 39-47

  • Receive Date 29 May 2020
  • Revise Date 14 June 2020
  • Accept Date 16 June 2020